911 research outputs found
Hubungan Pelayanan Keperawatan dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Katarak di Ruang Mata dan Poli Mata RSU Kota Padangsidimpuan Tahun 2015
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pelayanan keperawatan dengan tingkatkepuasan pasien katarak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain korelasi dengan pendekatancress sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Ruang Mata dan Poli Mata RSU Kota Padangsidimpuanterhadap 30 responden yang menderita penyakit katarak yang diambil dengan menggunakan tekhnikaccidental sampling dengan memperhatikan kriteria inklusi. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalahkuisioner dengan 20 pernyataan yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti. Analisis yang digunakan adalahanalisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adahubungan pelayanan keperawatan dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien katarak yang bermakna (P value= 0,01; α = 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bagi pelayanan kesehatan rumah sakitpenelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi tentang tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanankeperawatan yang telah diberikan sehingga dapat meningkatkan atau mempertahankan tingkatkepuasaan pasien ke arah yang lebih bermutu.
 
Small crater modification on Meridiani Planum and implications for erosion rates and climate change on Mars
A morphometric and morphologic catalog of ~100 small craters imaged by the Opportunity rover over the 33.5 km traverse between Eagle and Endeavour craters on Meridiani Planum shows craters in six stages of degradation that range from fresh and blocky to eroded and shallow depressions ringed by planed off rim blocks. The age of each morphologic class from <50–200 ka to ~20 Ma has been determined from the size‐frequency distribution of craters in the catalog, the retention age of small craters on Meridiani Planum, and the age of the latest phase of ripple migration. The rate of degradation of the craters has been determined from crater depth, rim height, and ejecta removal over the class age. These rates show a rapid decrease from ~1 m/Myr for craters <1 Ma to ~ <0.1 m/Myr for craters 10–20 Ma, which can be explained by topographic diffusion with modeled diffusivities of ~10^(−6) m^2/yr. In contrast to these relatively fast, short‐term erosion rates, previously estimated average erosion rates on Mars over ~100 Myr and 3 Gyr timescales from the Amazonian and Hesperian are of order <0.01 m/Myr, which is 3–4 orders of magnitude slower than typical terrestrial rates. Erosion rates during the Middle‐Late Noachian averaged over ~250 Myr, and ~700 Myr intervals are around 1 m/Myr, comparable to slow terrestrial erosion rates calculated over similar timescales. This argues for a wet climate before ~3 Ga in which liquid water was the erosional agent, followed by a dry environment dominated by slow eolian erosion
Database Learning: Toward a Database that Becomes Smarter Every Time
In today's databases, previous query answers rarely benefit answering future
queries. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we change this
paradigm in an approximate query processing (AQP) context. We make the
following observation: the answer to each query reveals some degree of
knowledge about the answer to another query because their answers stem from the
same underlying distribution that has produced the entire dataset. Exploiting
and refining this knowledge should allow us to answer queries more
analytically, rather than by reading enormous amounts of raw data. Also,
processing more queries should continuously enhance our knowledge of the
underlying distribution, and hence lead to increasingly faster response times
for future queries.
We call this novel idea---learning from past query answers---Database
Learning. We exploit the principle of maximum entropy to produce answers, which
are in expectation guaranteed to be more accurate than existing sample-based
approximations. Empowered by this idea, we build a query engine on top of Spark
SQL, called Verdict. We conduct extensive experiments on real-world query
traces from a large customer of a major database vendor. Our results
demonstrate that Verdict supports 73.7% of these queries, speeding them up by
up to 23.0x for the same accuracy level compared to existing AQP systems.Comment: This manuscript is an extended report of the work published in ACM
SIGMOD conference 201
Evaluating the Plausible Range of N2O Biosignatures on Exo-Earths: An Integrated Biogeochemical, Photochemical, and Spectral Modeling Approach
Nitrous oxide (N2O) -- a product of microbial nitrogen metabolism -- is a
compelling exoplanet biosignature gas with distinctive spectral features in the
near- and mid-infrared, and only minor abiotic sources on Earth. Previous
investigations of N2O as a biosignature have examined scenarios using Earthlike
N2O mixing ratios or surface fluxes, or those inferred from Earth's geologic
record. However, biological fluxes of N2O could be substantially higher, due to
a lack of metal catalysts or if the last step of the denitrification metabolism
that yields N2 from N2O had never evolved. Here, we use a global biogeochemical
model coupled with photochemical and spectral models to systematically quantify
the limits of plausible N2O abundances and spectral detectability for Earth
analogs orbiting main-sequence (FGKM) stars. We examine N2O buildup over a
range of oxygen conditions (1%-100% present atmospheric level) and N2O fluxes
(0.01-100 teramole per year; Tmol = 10^12 mole) that are compatible with
Earth's history. We find that N2O fluxes of 10 [100] Tmol yr would lead
to maximum N2O abundances of ~5 [50] ppm for Earth-Sun analogs, 90 [1600] ppm
for Earths around late K dwarfs, and 30 [300] ppm for an Earthlike TRAPPIST-1e.
We simulate emission and transmission spectra for intermediate and maximum N2O
concentrations that are relevant to current and future space-based telescopes.
We calculate the detectability of N2O spectral features for high-flux scenarios
for TRAPPIST-1e with JWST. We review potential false positives, including
chemodenitrification and abiotic production via stellar activity, and identify
key spectral and contextual discriminants to confirm or refute the biogenicity
of the observed N2O.Comment: 22 pages, 17 figures; ApJ, 937, 10
VerdictDB: Universalizing Approximate Query Processing
Despite 25 years of research in academia, approximate query processing (AQP)
has had little industrial adoption. One of the major causes of this slow
adoption is the reluctance of traditional vendors to make radical changes to
their legacy codebases, and the preoccupation of newer vendors (e.g.,
SQL-on-Hadoop products) with implementing standard features. Additionally, the
few AQP engines that are available are each tied to a specific platform and
require users to completely abandon their existing databases---an unrealistic
expectation given the infancy of the AQP technology. Therefore, we argue that a
universal solution is needed: a database-agnostic approximation engine that
will widen the reach of this emerging technology across various platforms.
Our proposal, called VerdictDB, uses a middleware architecture that requires
no changes to the backend database, and thus, can work with all off-the-shelf
engines. Operating at the driver-level, VerdictDB intercepts analytical queries
issued to the database and rewrites them into another query that, if executed
by any standard relational engine, will yield sufficient information for
computing an approximate answer. VerdictDB uses the returned result set to
compute an approximate answer and error estimates, which are then passed on to
the user or application. However, lack of access to the query execution layer
introduces significant challenges in terms of generality, correctness, and
efficiency. This paper shows how VerdictDB overcomes these challenges and
delivers up to 171 speedup (18.45 on average) for a variety of
existing engines, such as Impala, Spark SQL, and Amazon Redshift, while
incurring less than 2.6% relative error. VerdictDB is open-sourced under Apache
License.Comment: Extended technical report of the paper that appeared in Proceedings
of the 2018 International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 1461-1476.
ACM, 201
Coping with an Advanced Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis: Patient, Caregiver, and Provider Perspectives on the Role of the Health Care System
Although lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the USA, there have been few studies on patient-centered advanced lung cancer treatment practices. As part of a larger research study on how to use a patient-inclusive approach in late-stage lung cancer treatment, this present study describes patient, caregiver, and provider perspectives on the role of the health care system in helping patients cope with an advanced stage lung cancer diagnosis. Four focus group sessions were conducted with six to eleven participants per group for a total of 36 participants. Two focus groups were held with patients and family members/caregivers and two with physicians and nurses. A major theme that emerged concerned coping with an advanced lung cancer diagnosis, which is the subject of this paper. The patients, caregivers, and providers spoke passionately about interactions with the health care system and volunteered examples of supportive and non-supportive relationships between patients and clinicians. They advocated for better patient-provider communication practices as well as the expanded use of patient navigation and new patient orientation programs. This study contributes additional knowledge by including the perspectives of caregivers and providers who live and work closely with patients with advanced lung cancer. The findings can inform the development of comprehensive patient-centered care plans for patients living with an advanced lung cancer diagnosis
Design for a Darwinian Brain: Part 1. Philosophy and Neuroscience
Physical symbol systems are needed for open-ended cognition. A good way to
understand physical symbol systems is by comparison of thought to chemistry.
Both have systematicity, productivity and compositionality. The state of the
art in cognitive architectures for open-ended cognition is critically assessed.
I conclude that a cognitive architecture that evolves symbol structures in the
brain is a promising candidate to explain open-ended cognition. Part 2 of the
paper presents such a cognitive architecture.Comment: Darwinian Neurodynamics. Submitted as a two part paper to Living
Machines 2013 Natural History Museum, Londo
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